Week 1 Acc556 - 1135 Words

Internal Accountant’s Report to Management ACC 556 This report will present the necessary information needed to understand and decide whether to perform a full financial status review before proceeding with the bid. The information covered will include: * The effect of occupational fraud and abuse on the company * U.S. governmental oversight of accounting fraud and abuse and its effect on the company Potential corruption schemes to be aware of in the company Recommendation of types of accounting evidence and methods of gathering such evidence to support the financial status review. Fraud deterrence occurs in several stages, and the key is to know that prevention is not to same as deterrence. First is the impact of controls†¦show more content†¦Violations recognized in an organization are required to begin administrative or judicial proceeding. The outcomes of these proceedings typically offer a settlement or a hearing. Moreover, cases are reported to the SEC in official documents known as litigation releases or administrative proceedings. When the documents are reported as violations of the Securities Acts, they are labeled as Accounting and Auditing Enforcement Releases. Corruption schemes have differences as well as similarities. Bribery is a scheme that impacts a legal deed by proposing, providing, obtaining, or lobbying something of value to change the outcome in a favorable fashion. On the other hand commercial is similar in that something of value is offered in exchange for a certain business decision. Illegal gratuities are perks given as a reward to an employee in exchange for a decision. Most of the time illegal gratuities influence employees to make decisions not in the best interest of the organization. Economic extortion has to do with an organization or individual making a payment that will bring unwanted attention or impairment to the organization. These types of corruption schemes are very similar; however the differences exist in the conflicts of interest. Conflicts of interest occurShow MoreRelatedAcc 556 Complete Discussion Acc556 Acc 556 Complete Course Week 1 to Week 112045 Words   |  9 PagesACC556 ACC 556 Complete Cours e Week 1 to Week 11 Download Answer here http://workbank247.com/q/acc556-acc-556-complete-course-week-1-to-week-11/12254 http://workbank247.com/q/acc556-acc-556-complete-course-week-1-to-week-11/12254 http://workbank247.com/q/acc556-acc-556-complete-course-week-1-to-week-11/12254 ACC 556 Complete Discussion ACC 556 Week 1 Discussion Financial Statements  Ã‚  Please respond to the following: * From the e-Activity, analyze Apple’s most recent financial statementsRead MoreAcc 556 Week 10 Acc556 Week 1013988 Words   |  56 PagesACC 556 Complete Course ACC556 Complete Course Click Link for the Answer: http://workbank247.com/q/acc-556-complete-course-acc556-complete-course/22176 http://workbank247.com/q/acc-556-complete-course-acc556-complete-course/22176 ACC 556 Week 1 Discussion Financial Statements  Ã‚  Please respond to the following: * From the e-Activity, analyze Apple’s most recent financial statements. Based on your analysis, predict whether Apple’s financial health will likely improve or deteriorate over the nextRead MoreEssay Acc 556 Week 9 Acc556 Week 914012 Words   |  57 PagesACC 556 Complete Course ACC556 Complete Course Click Link for the Answer: http://workbank247.com/q/acc-556-complete-course-acc556-complete-course/22176 http://workbank247.com/q/acc-556-complete-course-acc556-complete-course/22176 ACC 556 Week 1 Discussion Financial Statements  Ã‚  Please respond to the following: * From the e-Activity, analyze Apple’s most recent financial statements. Based on your analysis, predict whether Apple’s financial health will likely improve or deteriorate over the next

noise reduction in data analysis - 968 Words

NOISE REDUCTION IN DATA USING POLYNOMIAL REGRESSION Geetha Mary A, Dinesh Kumar P, Girish Kumar K, Gyanadeep N School of Computing Science and Engineering, VIT University dinesh.venkata@yahoo.co.in Abstract:-Noise is common in data which hinders the data analysis. We consider noise as low-level data errors or objects that are irrelevant to data analysis. Data cleaning technique reduces the low-level data errors but not irrelevant objects. To reduce both types of noise there are three traditional outlier detection techniques distance-based, clustering-based, and an approach based on the Local Outlier Factor (LOF) of an object. In this paper we introduce a new method for noise reduction using polynomial regression and spearman’s rank†¦show more content†¦Using the equations we get values for x and y. Now we apply spearman’s rank correlation coefficient Ï  for the obtained results. If Ï  Ï µ (-1,1) then the data is not noise, if the Ï  value is not in that range then we consider it as noise. 3. Numerical Evaluation Let us take data set as follows X Y 5 8 6 9 7 10 8 11 9 12 10 13 The equations obtained from the above data set are Y=0.990 * x ^ 1.000+ 3.931 X=0.989 * y ^ 1.000- 3.249 Now we take another data set to test using above equations and if the results are not approximately similar to the obtained results for all the models then we consider the data to be noise or outlier. For example we take the test data set to be as follows, X Y 112 125 167 171 For test case 1 (112,125) Taking x(112), then y=114.811 Taking y(125), then y=120.376 For test case 2(167,170) Taking x(167) ,Y=169.261 Taking y(170) ,X=166.87 For the obtained results we apply spearman’s rank correlation coefficient Ï , Ï  = 1-(6∑di2/n3-n) if the obtained result lies between (-1,1) then the data belongs to that set and if not in that range then it is considered as noise or outlier. By applying for the above results we get, For test case1 (112,125) Ï =1-((6*((114.811-125)2+(120.376-112)2))/(2*(4-1))) Ï  = -172.973 For test case2 (167,170) Ï =1-(((6*(167-166.87)2+(170-169.261)2))/(2*(4-1))) Ï  =0.436979 so from the obtained results test case1 is considered as noiseShow MoreRelatedDigital Image And Its Effect On The Quality Of Image1246 Words   |  5 Pages Abstract: In image processing, noise reduction and restoration of image is expected to improve the qualitative inspection of an image and the performance criteria of quantitative image analysis techniques Digital image is inclined to a variety of noise which affects the quality of image. The main purpose of de-noising the image is to restore the detail of original image as much as possible. The criteria of the noise removal problem depends on the noise type by which the image is corrupting Read MoreImage Processing Essay1065 Words   |  5 Pages4.1 INTRODUCTION In image processing, noise reduction and restoration of image is expected to enhance the qualitative inspection of an image and the performance criteria of quantitative image analysis methods Digital image is inclined to a variety of noise which attribute the quality of image. The main purpose of de-noising the image is to reinstate the detail of original image as much as possible. The criteria of the noise removal problem depends on the noise type by which the image is contaminatedRead MoreEvaluation Of The Performance Improvement1410 Words   |  6 Pagesbe an ongoing goal to guide daily processes (Shaw Elliott, 2012). Data collection is the foundation of all PI activities the type of data should first be identified, and then collected. It was through data collection that an opportunity for improvement was identified on the medical-surgical unit where I work. The PI project that I was recently involved in on the unit where I work was to reduce excessive noise. Excessive noise is detrimental to both patients and staff, impedes healing and createsRead MoreComputational Advances Of Big Data1147 Words   |  5 PagesIn 2013 the overall created and copied data volume in the world was 4.4 ZB and it is doubling in size every two years and, by 2020 the digital universe – the data we create and copy annually – will reach 44 ZB, or 44 trillion gigabytes [1]. Under the massive increase of global digital data, Big Data term is mainly used to describe large-scale datasets. Big data is high-volume, high-velocity and high-variety information assets that demand cost-effective, innovative forms of information processingRead MoreEssay On Global Informatics819 Words   |  4 Pagesfrom the analysis of extremely large data sets The capacity and ease to store data on servers, whether cloud or physical has increased drastically over last couple of years. Three of the market leaders in storage drives reported a combined shipment of 605 exabytes of data in 2016[1]. In biomedical engineering, there have been tens of thousands of terabytes of fMRI images with each image containing more than thousands of voxel values and twitter generates 8 Terabytes of tweets every day. Data is gettingRead MoreEssay On Noise Reduction1442 Words   |  6 PagesSignal Enhancing and Noise Reducing Experimental Design to Increase Quality Design and analysis of a research study are necessary to an answer to the research problem and can be a simple two group design or multiple variables and variable level design to collect the necessary data to derive a supporting or opposing hypothesis (Jackson, 2011). An experiment and its design should 1) reduce or eliminate influencing factors, 2) randomly assign the treatments and 3) use multi-level design to increaseRead MoreTaking a Look at Audio Compression913 Words   |  4 Pagesimportant strategies in multimedia applications in recent years. In communication, the main objective is to communicate without noise and loss of information. This paper emphasis the enhanced lossless compression and noise suppression in mobile phones and hearing aids. An effective technique is needed to transfer the audio signals with reduced bandwidth and storage space, without noise and loss of information in the signal during compression. Wavelet transformation method produces better lossless com pressionRead MoreTaguchi Method1514 Words   |  7 PagesMonterrey Design and Analysis of Experiments Research TAGUCHI METHOD Fernando de Castro Palomino Siller – A01191233 Thursday, September 17th, 2015 Professor: Hà ©ctor Rincà ³n CONTENT Introduction †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 3 Why to use Taguchi Method †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 3-4 Taguchi Method Strategy †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 4 P-diagram †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 5 Quality Measurement †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 5-6 Signal To Noise (S/N) Ratios †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Read MoreHyperspectral Image Classification1485 Words   |  6 PagesClassification is a principle technique in hyperspectral images (HSI) analysis, where a label is assigned to each pixel based on its characteristics. Applying machine learning techniques to these datasets need special consideration, since the hyperspectral images are typically represented by features vectors of extremely high dimensions. A robust HSI classification requires a prudent combination of deep feature extractor and powerful classifier. In the last one decade, extensive classification methodsRead MoreData Analysis And Research On Data Processing Techniques Essay1330 Words   |  6 Pagesa result of increasing need for data analysis and the relative ease with which data can be procured nowadays, the size of data used for various kinds of analytics is increasing. The primary problem is that big d ata cannot be uploaded and made to run the aggregation exercise through full table scans as it takes prohibitive time. Big data needs to be pre-processed before it is uploaded to the analysis box. The aim of this project is to study and research various data pre-processing techniques used in

Rhetorical Devices in Great Gatsby Free Essays

Gatsby Essay Honors English II Asura Louise Osborne In the 1920’s, the world was full of new inventions, dances, and drinks. The standards of even the most rigorously structured social classes were changed, allowing the rich to cut loose and throw elaborate and entertaining parties. Every day, the world was changing for the better. We will write a custom essay sample on Rhetorical Devices in Great Gatsby or any similar topic only for you Order Now Author F. Scott Fitzgerald’s work â€Å"The Great Gatsby† reflects these ideas, communicating through various rhetorical devices that the world is a magical place, and that even in times of sadness, anything is possible. Prior to the Jazz Age, growing up was associated with a loss of happiness and hope. During the 20’s, however, this standard seemed to change, pushing the perception of adulthood into something magical and frivolous. Fitzgerald reflects this in the archetypal portrayal of a city, describing it as â€Å"in white heaps and sugar lumps†. White is an archetype for purity, innocence, and hope. It illuminates the hope that the young adults living in the 1920’s felt, as well as the innocent parties they danced at, innocent not because of what took place in them, but because they were blissfully unaware of the harsh realities that existed elsewhere in the world. Happiness is also communicated in the use of the word â€Å"sunlight†, because the sun is an archetype for energy and hope. Through the personification of the city â€Å"rising up†, it is illuminated that the roaring twenties came from seemingly nowhere, almost like a fairytale. The magic of the upper classes’ world was also portrayed in the hyperbole, â€Å"all built with a wish. † In reality, the city merely began as a wish, but Fitzgerald portrays it as something that sprung up from a thought. Potentially the most illuminatory literary device is the imagery in the sentence â€Å"its wild promise of all the mystery and the beauty in the world. † The picture painted is one of excitement, hope, and perhaps most importantly, the creation of a wonderful world borne from fancy. In times of loss, a traditional coping mechanism is bargaining. This is generally portrayed as â€Å"If I do such and such, so and so will come back. † It is usually a time when the bargainer believes in part that anything is possible. F. Scott Fitzgerald dives into that idea when Jay and Nick become part of a funeral procession. One way he communicates the idea that anything is possible is in the juxtaposition of life and death, â€Å"A dead man†¦in a hearse†¦heaped with blooms†¦Ã¢â‚¬  His diction also illuminates this concept through the use of the word â€Å"blinds†, suggesting that most people are blind to the presence of possibility. In addition to diction and juxtaposition, Nick’s reaction to seeing blacks in an affluent setting also illuminates that Fitzgerald is communicating through him, â€Å"Anything can happen now†¦anything at all. † Even in the presence of a â€Å"somber holiday†, the world is still coming up with new possibilities. The world is ever changing, which is one thing that makes life on Earth so exciting. All of the changes that are present today really began in the 1920’s though, a time of new ideas and hopes. F. Scott Fitzgerald led America’s run head-first into the Jazz Age, and gave future generations a peek inside what life was like at the time with his novels. In his book, â€Å"The Great Gatsby†, he uses many literary devices to illuminate the concepts that life is magical, and that even in times of sadness, the world is filling itself with new possibilities. How to cite Rhetorical Devices in Great Gatsby, Papers

Literary Production Essay Sample free essay sample

1. How does social status affects in the past and present literary production? Literature is a mirror by which social status is reflected. This means that literary reproduction is frequently determined by the events that affect the lives of the people or the author himself. For case. if we are traveling to follow the development of Philippine Literature. we will be able to raise up the shade of the vanished centuries long before the coming of the Spaniards. During this period. literary production attained slow growing. We can by and large deduce that unwritten traditional knowledge is the get downing point of our literary heritage. Though. Alibata – the old Filipino alphabet is already known during this epoch. the production is really limited to Hagiographas on dried foliages. bamboo. or bark of a tree which aside from the fact that they were burned by the Spanish coloniser. they are frequently said to be perishable which could non last the trial of clip. Therefore during this epoch. literature flourished through word of oral cavity. The slow growing of literary production prevailed non until the concerned literary masterminds are born and earnestly compiled them as important and immortal heritage. These. happened along with the debut of documents and publishing imperativeness where literary production gained stature and skyrocketed to a looming tallness. The industrialisation of the society which was brought by the colonisers became an elixir of involvement in Hagiographas. New types of Literature were produced such as. but non limited to. essays which normally appeared in periodicals. novels such as Noli Me Tangere and the El Filibusterismo and other genre. In short. economic status of the society affects literary production. It is apparent in transmutation from unwritten tradition. so to Hagiographas on perishable stuffs and finally the debut of ink. documents and publishing imperativeness. Consequently. political conditions of the society can besides be a deciding factor for literary production. In the past centuries the content of the literature is influence by the church. Hagiographas were spiritual in tone. It shifted into patriotism and nationalism spearheaded by the propagandist. Then. with the coming of American coloniser. the thought of liberalism and democracy were introduced In the modern epoch. literary production attains even more amazing tallness with the constitution of mills of intellect – colleges and universities. where Filipino rational giants are continuously produced. They are the assets of Filipino literature. Therefore. Hagiographas in different Fieldss are unabatedly booming to portray the society. 2. What is the literary position in footings of clip and topic of literary work? Literary positions in footings of clip and capable can be farther define as the focal point or subject of a certain authorship with regard to when the piece was written and how its clip frame or the historical background affected the chief concern of the literature. These are really one of the critical attacks in the survey of literature. It is a general impression that historical backgrounds of the society or the biographical background of the writer influence the topic of a piece. It is indispensable to look into and critically analyse the history for it will function as the key to understand and measure the piece o literature. Much in the same manner is the critical analysis of the hints of the life of the writer for it has a important consequence on the subject construction and presentation of his Hagiographas. To clearly exemplify this impression let us see the verse form â€Å"When I see a Barong-Barong† by Maximo Ramos ( 1946 ) . â€Å"When I see a Barong-Barong vicini ty In the bosom of war-worn Manila† Here the word barong-barong significantly portrays the racial background of Ramos. It is a common symbol of a Filipino who still proudly standing after the Filipino-American War which he expressed on the 2nd line â€Å"war-torn Manila† . It is certain that Ramos was able to portray in his verse form the state of affairs of the Filipinos during the period where they gained freedom after about a half 1000s old ages of bondage under the colonisers. We can notice here how the clip frame is notable in each piece of literature. The topic may change depending on the events that captured the emotion and mind of the author. This position of literary position is normally known as Historical-Biographical Approach. 3. What make a author in a certain literary period produce a literary piece As clearly stated by Kahayon and Zulueta. man’s ideas and emotions that are coached in a beautiful linguistic communication is literature. In other words. literature is a agency of showing the writer’s bosom and head. His feelings. aspirations. grieve. love. sentiments and others are best highlighted through literature. For case. literary focal point shifted from a spiritual tone toward nationalism and patriotism. This is known as the period of enlightenment. Distinct authors during the period like Jose Rizal. Andres Bonifacio. Apolinario Mabini. Emilio Jacinto. Jose Palma and others express their sentiments and aspirations for freedom through Hagiographas which finally enrich the chauvinistic behaviour of our Filipino companions who courageously fought against the 300-year-slavery under foreign vanquishers. The barbarian Spanish business intensifies the strong will of the propagandist and revolutionists to revolt against the dynamic force. Rizal’s â€Å"My Last Farewell† expresses his heartache for his homeland and his willingness to swamp it with his ain blood – his most admirable heroic title – to resuscitate its people and recover the freedom. Similarly Andress Bonifacio – the male parent of Filipino democracy wrote â€Å"Pag-Ibig Sa Tinubuang Lupa† which expresses his greatest love for our homeland which paved the manner for revolution. In short authors are able to compose literary piece in a certain period as their response to his mundane attempts to populate. to be happy in his environment and finally after arduous or bloody battle for freedom and the felicity to make his Devine Creator. Just like what Rizal said: â€Å"For I go where no slave before the oppressor decompression sicknesss Where religion can neer kill. and God reigns o’er on high† 4. How does a literary merchandise helps determine society? Give specific illustration. Literature is powerful. It has the ability to touch one’s life. transform the society from one status to another and finally determine the full society. It can redefine civilization and traditions and Polish political state of affairss. It can surprisingly resuscitate the disregarded centuries and immortalize people. topographic points and events. The Filipino people. before the coming of the Spaniards were believed to be the retainer of nature. They worship trees. rocks. H2O. Sun and anitos. Their faith is animalistic in nature. However. when the Spaniards set pes on the Philippine shore. the world’s sacred Hagiographas – the Holy Bible spread in the archipelago and educate our sires and accordingly the modern coevals. It redefines our belief. behaviour. civilization and traditions. It becomes a tool for the enlightenment of the society and brings order in every establishment. Literature has the ability to smooth political state of affairs. Harriet Beecher Stowe of the US vividly convey the sad destiny of slaves in his â€Å"Uncle Tom’s Cabin† which became the footing of democracy. He emphasized that black American should hold equal rights with the Whites. His chef-doeuvre badly criticized the racial favoritism which in due class led to the acknowledgment of the rights of the black American. In the Philippines. the Hagiographas of the propagandist and revolutionists assuage the agonies of the Filipinos. The Noli Me Tangere exposed the immoralities of the Spaniard and the sham and hungry-wolves-like Spanish mendicants. It heightens the patriotism. Finally. literature as a great ocean of idea that is piled from the vanished centuries immortalized the characters of Plato. Aristotle. St. Thomas Aquinas and other great Philosopher who molded the morality. virtuousness and ethical criterion of the society. 5. How does a piece of literary merchandise aid you mold you life? Literature is an indispensable facet of my life as a pupil of Teacher Education Program. This is a feasible tool in confronting the complexnesss of the challenges of Teaching. Through reading different literary plants from around the universe such as English and American. Afro-asian and other celebrated literature I was able to indulge in the profusion of our 2nd linguistic communication. It laid the foundation of strong homo being which is critical as I enter the universe of Teaching. It gives me a full appreciation of why Teaching is the noblest profession. I appreciate my calling to a great extent which more than words can show. Reading patiently from the plants of celebrated authors of different coevalss enables me to see life vicariously. therefore widening the skyline in following the small rivulets of world which help me in my ocean trip to a great ocean of idea. I admire the Hagiographas of our Filipino companion. for they instill great values of being a Filipino – a distinguishable race among the remainder in the universe.It might be bromidic to state but I am proud to show that through the Hagiographas of Rizal. Bonifacio. Santos. Palma and other Filipino authors – I am a Filipino. Most of all – what I love among the world’s chef-doeuvres which I am fighting to understand with the counsel of the Devine Providence – The Holy Bible. This is the sacred Hagiographas which I can turn to in any minute of my life. The sort of literature that we read specify our character. They say: â€Å"Tell me who your friends and I will state you who you are. † I say: â€Å"Tell me what you read and I will state you who you are. †

Battle of Lexington and Concord free essay sample

The Battle of Lexington and Concord The battle of Lexington and Concord was the first battle of the American Revolutionary War, marking the ‘shot heard around the world. ’ Pursuing several years of mounting tensions and the livelihood of Boston troops, the military governor of Massachusetts, General Thomas Gage, began moving to secure the colony’s military supplies to keep them from the patriot militias. His proceedings received official consent on April 14, 1775, when orders arrived from the secretary of State the Earl of Dartmouth, commanding him to disarm the rebellious militias and to arrest key colonial leaders. Believing the militia to be hoarding supplies at Concord, Gage made plans for part of his force to march and occupy the town. Gage gave secret instructions to 700 regulars under the command of Lieutenant Colonels Francis Smith to confiscate the ammunition. They would also be looking for rebel leaders Samuel Adams and John Hancock. Gage was relying on the secrecy of his instructions to carry out the plan without any hindrance, but a well organized intelligence system, which supposedly involved Gages own wife, kept the militia abreast of the developments. We will write a custom essay sample on Battle of Lexington and Concord or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The militia in Concord had started to relocate the gathered ammunition to a more secure location even before the British troops had set off. Paul Revere, a local silversmith and patriot, arranged for the militia in Charlestown to know, through the now famous ‘one if by land, two if by sea’ code (referring to the number of lanterns to be lit in a church steeple in the respective case), whether the British were coming by sea or by land. He and William Dawes rode through the night to Concord, alerting colonists in every town they passed through. Dodging British patrols along the way, they safely made it to Lexington, where Samuel Adams and John Hancock were staying. Despite Gages efforts to deep the raid secret, the colonists had long been aware of the British coming. In Lexington, Captain John Parker mustered the town’s militia and had them fall into ranks on the town green with orders not fire unless fired upon. Around sunrise Smiths advance force led by Major John Pitcairn, arrived in Lexington. Riding forward Pitcairn demanded the militia to disperse and lay down their arms. Parker partially complied and ordered his men to go home, but to retain their muskets. Captain Parker suffered from tuberculosis. Hence, his voice wasn’t clearly audible and the militia was slow to retreat, and in the midst of all the pandemonium, a shot rang out from an unknown source. This led to an exchange of fire which saw Pitcairn’s horse hit twice. Charging forward the British drove the militia from the green. When the smoke cleared, eight of the militia was dead and another ten wounded. One British soldier was injured in the exchange. It is unclear as to this day who fired the first shot. At Concord the outnumbered Americans retired over the north Bridge and waited for reinforcements. The British occupied the town, held the North Bridge with about 100 regulars and searched for stores to burn. The smoke alarmed the Americans and reinforced to the number of about 450, they marched down the bridge, led by Major John Buttrick. The regulars hastily reformed on the far side to receive them and began to take up the bridge planks. Buttrick shouted to them to desist ‘Fire, fellow soldiers, for God’s sake, fire! ’ the American counterattack killed2 and forced the British from the field. The Americans did not pursue, however and the British marched for Boston about noon. At Merriam’s Corner their rear guard was fired upon by rebels from Reading, and from there to Lexington the British were under constant fire from snipers. By the time they reached Lexington the regulars were almost out of ammunition and completely demoralized. They were saved only by the arrival of Sir Hugh Percy with a column from Boston and two fieldpieces. When they marched on again the militia dogged them all the way to Charlestown where before sundown the regulars reached safety under the guns of the fleet. The casualties of the day bear no relation to its importance. 49 Americans and 73 British were killed: the total wounded of both sides was 366. But the fighting proved to the Americans that by their own method they could defeat the British. In that belief, they stopped the land approaches to Boston before night, thus beginning the siege of Boston. Concord Hymn By the rude bridge that arched the flood, Their flag to April’s breeze unfurled; Here once the embattled farmers stood; And fired the shot heard round the world.

Free Essays on Kizers Widow In Wintertime

Modern poetry midterm The poem I chose was Carolyn Kizer’s â€Å"Widow in Wintertime† seeing as it was the only one I even mildly understood. But for the poor reader who has to read this I am sorry if I totally miss the point that was expressed by the author. This is only my limited view on the piece. Though I did like this piece the most out of the other works there was something raw about the writing style. Something that was not expected from the first few lines. â€Å"Last night a baby gargled in the throes of a fatal spasm. My children are all grown past infant strangles; so, reassured, I knew some other baby perished in the snow. But no. The cat was making love again†. The first five lines talk about a child dying and the persona knowing that it is not her child for they had all grown up. So the persona thought that someone else’s baby was dying in the snow. â€Å"But no. The cat was making love again.† â€Å"Later, I went down and let her in. She hung her tail, flagging from her sins. Though she’d eaten, I forked out another dinner, being myself hungry all ways, and thin from metaphysic famines she knows nothing of†. The second stanza speaks of the cat proudly â€Å"flagging† her tail, but this is where the persona combines the literal world with the world in her mind. The persona feeds the cat hoping to feed the metaphysic hunger inside of her even though the cat has already eaten. â€Å"The freckles beast! Even so, resemblances were on my mind: female and feline, though she preens herself from satisfaction, and does not mind lying even in the snow. She is lofty and bedraggled, without need to choose.† The third stanza starts off with the persona comparing herself to the cat â€Å"female and feline† and from this point on I think that the cat and herself are in fact different aspect of the persona. She is projecting onto this cat things, that she may have don in her youth. Possibly projecting her youthful self o... Free Essays on Kizer's Widow In Wintertime Free Essays on Kizer's Widow In Wintertime Modern poetry midterm The poem I chose was Carolyn Kizer’s â€Å"Widow in Wintertime† seeing as it was the only one I even mildly understood. But for the poor reader who has to read this I am sorry if I totally miss the point that was expressed by the author. This is only my limited view on the piece. Though I did like this piece the most out of the other works there was something raw about the writing style. Something that was not expected from the first few lines. â€Å"Last night a baby gargled in the throes of a fatal spasm. My children are all grown past infant strangles; so, reassured, I knew some other baby perished in the snow. But no. The cat was making love again†. The first five lines talk about a child dying and the persona knowing that it is not her child for they had all grown up. So the persona thought that someone else’s baby was dying in the snow. â€Å"But no. The cat was making love again.† â€Å"Later, I went down and let her in. She hung her tail, flagging from her sins. Though she’d eaten, I forked out another dinner, being myself hungry all ways, and thin from metaphysic famines she knows nothing of†. The second stanza speaks of the cat proudly â€Å"flagging† her tail, but this is where the persona combines the literal world with the world in her mind. The persona feeds the cat hoping to feed the metaphysic hunger inside of her even though the cat has already eaten. â€Å"The freckles beast! Even so, resemblances were on my mind: female and feline, though she preens herself from satisfaction, and does not mind lying even in the snow. She is lofty and bedraggled, without need to choose.† The third stanza starts off with the persona comparing herself to the cat â€Å"female and feline† and from this point on I think that the cat and herself are in fact different aspect of the persona. She is projecting onto this cat things, that she may have don in her youth. Possibly projecting her youthful self o...

Dancing in Yemen Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Dancing in Yemen - Essay Example Apparently, Bara is the most important dance that is a tribal marker in Yemen. Its performance is by men only with drumming accompaniment (Adra, 1998). The performance of Bara is similar to the composition of Qabà ¤I poetry. There are tribal characteristics of Bara that differs in the wielding of performer’s daggers, steps and beat. In addition, the performance of Bara takes place outdoors. Occasions like religious holidays, weddings, travelling together of tribesmen, honouring distinguished guests or weddings necessitates the performance of Bara. Bara in conjunction with zà ¤mil has important features for resolving disputes. Interestingly, republic leaders also appreciate the performance of Bara particularly in vital functions (Adra, 1998). The aforementioned features of Bara distinguish it from lub and give it the reference of a unique dance that is entrenched in the culture of native Yemenis. In brief, lub has numerous characteristics of raq and remains regarded as a raq. For instance, the indoor genre is intimate and accompanies love songs. Lub is primarily performed by a couple of women at women gathering and two men where men gathers (Adra, 1998). There is an expectation of constant change of lub with regard to its tempi and new steps. Lub changes with fashion clothing. Such changes begin in Sanaa and take a while before filtering to al-Ahjur. Just like Bara, lub performance varies with village or region. Steps copied from adjacent villages influence the local dancing of lub. Despite the Yemenis agreement and reference of Bara as a dancing behaviour, Bara do not classify as raq. Rags, is a term that generates from Arabic language. The term translates to ‘’ dancing’’ in English is ‘’dancing’’. Raq composes music, light headed paly and flirtation. Interestingly, it is a contrast of the dignified presence of

Mercury Contamination in Fish Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Mercury Contamination in Fish - Research Paper Example The paper is based on two studies carried out in Bangladesh and the U.S. In the first study, Rees et al. (2007) aimed at elucidating how toenail mercury is related to dietary fish consumption in New Hampshire. In the second study (Bangladesh study), Shamshad, Shahidur, and Tasrena, (2009) focused on determining the level of trace elements (including mercury) in fish feed and shrimp sampled from aquaculture ponds. Mercury is an established heavy metal, environmental pollutant with deleterious health effects in human beings (Eisler, 2006). Mercury toxins lead to neurological impairment in humans (National Research Council, 1978). Mercury in contaminated fish food consumed by pregnant women may affect the unborn baby’s brain and nervous system. Children who were affected by mercury while in the womb have poor cognitive thinking and memory and reduced concentration (Health Effects, 2012). Studies have proved that adults, children and developing fetuses are in danger of mercury intoxication (National Research Council, 1978). Schmitt, Stricker and Brumbaugh (2011, p. 1) argue that methyl mercury concentrations in some U.S species of fish (Micropterus dolomieu and Hypentelium nigricans) â€Å"are significantly high to represent a threat to human health and wildlife†. The U.S has a high risk of suffering from mercury intoxication consumed from fish compared to Bangladesh, in spite of Ba ngladesh having more fish than the U.S. Studies on mercury intoxication are essential because they enable stake holders to devise preventative measures. Thus, this paper examines the effect of mercury toxins in fish in Bangladesh and the U.S. The graph below is an example showing comparing levels of mercury in blood lead and the risk for autism in children. The graph indicates a significant correlation between the two variables. Figure 1: Graph indicating the distribution of Hg levels in ‘charge children’, comparing four groups: regressive autism, autism of early onset, general population controls and developmentally delayed children. Source: http://cfpub.epa.gov/ncer_abstracts/index.cfm/fuseaction/display.highlight/abstract/1773/report/F Materials and Methods The Bangladesh study assessed the level of trace elements content in fish feed and shrimp sampled from aquaculture ponds in Bangladesh by the use of Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (FAAS), Cold Vapor Absorpti on Spectrometer (CV-AAS), and Hydride Generation Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (HG-AAS). The study was based on the theoretical assumption that since tannery and poultry waste are used as fish feed in Bangladesh, there is an accumulation of toxic contaminants in cultured fish posing food safety risk. Toxic metals including mercury are used in the manufacture of tanneries, dye production, textile dying and paper and pulp mills. Two samples of Shrimp and twelve samples of the feed were collected from different aquaculture sites in Bangladesh. The sample was washed by de-ionized water and then air-dried. They were then analyzed using FAAS, CV-AAS and HG-AAS (Shamshad, Shahidur, & Tasrena, 2009). The American study was conducted as follows: method one; participants observed a 3 day diary of water and seafood consumption which facilitated the calculation of the average consumption of finfish and shell fish on a weekly basis. Method two; the average weekly consumption of fish (shell fish , tuna and dark fish) was estimated using semi quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Method three; the weekly consumpti

Social and Economic Impacts of Globalization Term Paper

Social and Economic Impacts of Globalization - Term Paper Example This research will begin with the statement that in the past, most nations carried out their trade and other operations separately and within their boundaries. However, the development of globalization in recent decades has led to more, economic, social and political integration between nations. The author has rightly presented that globalization has brought with it various benefits to individual nations and communities in terms of economic growth and social development. However, it is evident that globalization has also caused various negative effects, especially to developing nations, for instance, social and economic inequality. This essay discusses that globalization refers to the free movement or transportation of goods, capital, and people whereas liberalization is the elimination or reduction of barriers to enhance free movement of these goods and capital. Due to the swift expansion that has occurred in trade and capital movements, globalization has led to both positive and ne gative impacts. The present research has identified that the main movers of the large increase in global trade and investment, which to most individuals happens to be the chief expression of globalization, have been the global accords to reduce trade restrictions and the instant reduction in the transportation costs, especially the costs of transporting data. These factors have led to the fragmentation or disintegration of industries, a new aspect of globalization.... In this case, some assert that globalization is a contemporary emerging phase while others deem that it has occurred for a long time. Other people argue that whether it occurred in the past or lately, the order and speed of global transformation is exceptional and necessitates an active restructuring of the global institutions of governance (Beall, 2002). To all countries that participate, globalization will continue to have great benefits to them. However, globalization creates pressures causing inequalities in some countries and the need for structural changes in all. In addition, globalization has left some nations more susceptible to the upsets that may occur externally. Therefore, globalization brings forth risk management challenges, which remains unaddressed (Duncan, 2000). Most countries lay the blame on globalization for causing a wide range of problems. Some of the adverse effects that have occurred due to globalization on the social welfare include social problems, which r ange from famine to floods, rural to urban migration leading to overcrowding in urban areas and from pollution to poverty. This means that when two or more countries join together, the social welfare of the two countries will be vulnerable to negative effects leading to decline in the social welfare of the country. For instance, relocation of most industries to the urban areas will cause most rural residents to migrate from the rural areas to the urban leading to overcrowding, pollution and poor disposition of the waste products. However, globalization has brought vital developmental successes. Some examples of these developmental successes include poverty reduction, better services, increasing

Causes of EU Integration with America

Causes of EU Integration with America Farid Muttaqi Question: Which is the relationship between internal European and external (American) motives for the start of European integration? Outline: Internal motives of EU integration Peace and Stability after WW Second The Global Influence Economical factor High Standards for a better life External motives (US) The factor of Economy and politics The Marshal Plan The Security factor and the US End Note The United States has strongly supported the European integration project since its inception as a means to foster democratic states and robust trading partners. The United States and the EU have a dynamic political partnership and share a huge trade and investment relationship. Internal Motives of Internal Integration Peace and Stability after WW Second: A second profit that Europeans coveted was peace and internal strength. This seems to have been particularly significant to the French, and various littler nations as they acknowledged their German neighbours. The French tried to bait Germany into close participation in the years promptly after the war while Germany was still generally feeble; it was suspected that Germany though had completely recuperated the country couldnt withdraw from these exchange contracts without significant expenses. Germany at this point seeking acknowledgement from its neighbours willingly went along. This yearning for territorial security could be seen in the advancement of forms, for example, the European Coal and Steel Community in 1952 it was discerned that supranational control, and international integration of these industries might make it unrealistic for any part country to ambush an alternate. Further due to the imagined monetary ties, hostility against an individual part state might be rendered adverse to the aggressor’s own economy. So, a second unanticipated rationale was maintaining peace, presumably with specific accentuation on discouraging Germany against hostility.[1] Due to the development of up to date military technology in the XX century, the urgency of this difficulty has developed spectacularly. The huge boost in the number of casualties, the amount of human pain, and financial decimation has reinforced calls for organisations adept of protecting calm, particularly during and after the catastrophes of the two world conflicts. Then, the danger of atomic decimation and self-decimation and the emergence of new nationalisms after the end of the East-West Bloc structure have accentuated this difficulty in new ways.[2] The Global Influence: Another important key component is a decline in international leverage. After WWII was over, the countries, particularly Britain and France which were the foremost world powers in the past started to comprehend that they are no longer having sufficient influence in the world if operating alone. The development of the USA and USSR, with their massive populations and geographical domination, had the financial and military power to absolutely engulf Europe in a ‘Cold war’ with force exerted from both sides. It became clear-cut that European governments could just want to control the activities of these key players in Europe provided that they jointly raise their voice.[3] Both the first atomic tests Soviet Union conducted in 1949 and the Soviet Coup in Czechoslovakia of 1948 has resulted in the atmosphere of urgency. Western and Central Europeans were dreaded by the Soviet take over; Western Germany was perceived as the most vulnerable to Soviet invasions. However, Germany’s friends were not snug with a remilitarised Germany, except for the situation when this would appear in the context of supranational collaboration. This yearn for defence commanded to military alliances, namely the North Atlantic Treaty administration which was put together firstly to keep the Russians out of Western Europe, but furthermore in order to make sure that to Germany does not get too militant inside the borders of the continent.[4] Economical factor: The original document which has established the process the of European integration is the Schumann declaration of May 9, 1950. This document was entitled after the France’s foreign minister and motivated by Jean Monnet, a professional and municipal domestic who performed a crucial function in setting up European institutions in the following years. The affirmation proposed that â€Å"Franco-German output of coal and steel as an entire has to be put under the joint roof. The later was implied to be the common High Authority, inside the framework of an association open to the participation of the other countries of Europe.† The design was inspired by security, as a way â€Å"to make it simple that any conflict between France and Germany becomes not only unthinkable, but materially impossible.† The coal and iron steel output start was characterised as â€Å"a first step in the federation of Europe.† [5] The Schumann declaration has resulted in creation of the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) with participation of the six nations (France, West Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg) in 1951. After that the ECSC was used as the institutional template for two suggested groups: the European Defence Community (EDC) and the European Political Community (EPC), which encompassed the formation of a widespread army, a widespread budget, and common organisations with important legislative and executive branches. The later would have fundamentally amounted to a European federation. This treaty underwent signing by the six nations in 1952 but failed to obtain ratification in the French assembly, and therefore the defence and political groups were not established in the end.[6] Local integration is routinely examined as one of the leading processes shaping the development of the European finances since World War II. Suppliers to the publications generally take one of the two advances to recognising its effects. The supporters of the idea of the narrative approach issue to influential persons (Jean Monnet, Robert Schuman, Jacques Delors), key events (the conclusion to pattern the European Coal and Steel Community or ECSC, sign the Treaty of Rome, set up the Singe Market) and fundamental forces (the fondness of trade goods and banking concerns for trade and economic liberalization, the acquiescence and even support of the joined States for European integration), implying that things would have turned out rather differently if they would not exist. [7] At the end of World War II, the promoters of European integration accepted that at the roots of the continent’s political and financial ills was its fragmentation in unaligned and unconstrained territory states. The nationwide borders in the beginning of the XX century had been very exorbitant, as authorities raised obstacles to trade and pursued â€Å"beggar-thy-neighbour† principles throughout the Great Depression, and chased hard-hitting nationalistic policies leading to conflicts of unprecedented manner. [8] Europe’s great achievement following the Treaty of Rome was to entire its Common Market which entailed eliminating tariff obstacles to intra-Community trade. However, quantitative restrictions were still utilized to limit trade in perceptive sectors (e.g., farming products made by powerful ranch lobbies, or chosen developed items whose household production was glimpsed as absolutely vital to national security). Obstacles beyond the borders (product standards and guidelines) were furthermore sustained initially.[9] Economics in a narrower sense can be characterized as one of the purposeful shortfalls: it has become progressively clear that the national markets in Europe were too little for reasonable production methods. Their mutual walling-off was only shrewd on a provisional basis and counting on the specific output part; in the long period, this threatened to outcome in a decrease of productivity and consequently furthermore a loss of the legitimacy of the country.[10] High Standards for a better life: The last impetus in the direction of unity, one more relevant in recent years has been the achievement of European integration. The constituent nations of the European Union relish high measures of dwelling, economic significance, steadiness and security. Numerous nations bordering the amalgamation find the benefits of members appealing; in preceding years it has been documented how the countries of south Europe came to enjoy measures of living comparable to those of the formerly more affluent North. No question that this wealth and steadiness is the aim of numerous east European countries that used to be communist have lately searched European Union membership.[11] External motives (US) The factor of Economy and politics: In the timeframe of 6-8 decades the US has played a supportive role in the monetary and political integration of Europe, while people in the USA simultaneously kept ambivalent thought patterns towards the European Union and has preserved specific interaction with distinct nations around the world. People in the USA throughout their history, perhaps inside the colonial time along with the early stages of the republic, already been tightly connected to continental Europe. They have got likewise looked at American integration from the viewpoint in their personal history associated with monetary and political integration and for that reason one may say that they fundamentally looked at the European integration indulgently.[12] In the beginning several years after the World War II Americans discovered that EU integration if seen as a specific necessity of time can and will lead to make sure that peace is established, as well as stability and democracy are established. Effective US organizations prompted EU economic integration by means of alike policies as the Marshall strategic Plan so as to support and generate the actual orders for prosperity that may assist to be a defensive wall against communism. US enterprise leaders in addition considered the chance of a substantial, wide open EU current market depending on liberal economic guidelines to be a promising and also worthwhile of purchasing. US policymakers thought to be that the materials well-being connected with the United States was significantly connected to the actual prosperity connected with Europe, equally the actual safety connected with the United States was known as intimately connected to EU safety. Generally speaking, EU monetary and also p olitical integration has become great for the United States, mainly because it has additionally been great for Europe.[13] The actual causes regarding United States help were in reality very difficult in addition to its blurry character. America constantly supported EU integration regarding five motives the earlier had. In rising order, the reasons regarding USA help integrated the following: any desire to put into action federalist United states product within European countries; the trust that a built-in European countries will be better in addition to just rational; the expectation that EU co-operation inside the reams of security in addition to economical spheres would certainly minimize the Germany’s strength; the fact a solid European countries would certainly aid retaining the Soviet Union power. These kinds of causes were characteristic from the 1945-1950 intervals at time America took the lead to promote EU integration, largely within the Marshall Strategy. America seemed to be eventually left behind having minor choice, considering that the United Kingdom in addition to France the well- known alternatives in order to lead European countries -were of minor aid. Facing that issue, it turned out nearly left to America to supervise the EU post-war reconstruction upon quite a few levels. [14] The Marshall Plan: The particular Marshall Plan is usually viewed at the most productive episode in the record from the Cold War containment from the Soviet Partnership as well as communism inside European countries. The particular help to European countries used this economical as well as personal strength involving America to show rear ideological as well as politics menace, so that it was meant since over an endeavour to compliment this economic reconstruction involving European countries. National officials wished to refashion European countries in to a different model from the bundled single-market as well as blended capitalist overall economy of which currently was around in America. Therefore, this Marshall Plan was an expansion involving National household characteristics as well as foreign-policy targets stretching back to National record. Inside the fast ram from the plan’s coverage manufacturers were being this establishments from the Brand new Offer plus the policies from the time be tween the 2 globe competitions. Since Michael J. Hogan (1987) indicates, the item was to involve European countries into the almost generally overall economy of which shape which existed in America. Together with creating business multilateral, creating stock markets convertible, as well as permitting free-market causes in order to combine economic climates, national policymakers advised their transatlantic counterparts to prepare Western business revenue, financial panels, along with other devices involving capitalist economical setting up as well as regulation which were recognizable for them in America. National help was helpful to expose Western leaders for you to Keynesian tactics involving taxation as well as financial issues. In addition, it aimed for you to Americanize Western creation, promoting as well the engineering techniques. It was wished that this kind of parts as well as sites might make it easy for Europeans to sustain their restoration as well as result in high lo cated expectations. It was wished that a substantial, inner current market, similar to the one which was around in America, might generate economic climates involving range of well as well as increased costs involving production, combining in to a start multilateral program that might likewise always be best for the national organization. Hogan argues that by the means of these kind of as well as linked endeavours, the national leaders tried out for forging some sort of EU local community in which politics concerns might cave in for technocratic alternatives, downplaying redistributive politics battles for some sort of hunt for contributed great quantity – most by having an increased exposure of public-private strength sharing.[15] The Security factor and the US: It must not be disregarded that the European countries had been incorporated militarily, along with economic integration. After a couple of world wars have happened, the US was drawn into protection regarding liberal democracy with the European countries. National management had been more certain previously how the safety measures regarding the European countries had been intimately connected to their own safety measures and also well-being. The building blocks regarding armed forces safety measures had been constructed with the particular transatlantic connections. The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) for example. National management discovered that EU fiscal and also protection integration included in a compacted internet regarding transatlantic corporations remaking post-World War II European countries. Following disappointment from the EU Defence community (EDC) in the 1950s, people in America made a decision to join the duty regarding protection on their own, even thoug h taking fiscal integration and resultant success just as one alternate route to safety measures. Stanley Sloan offered famous particular battling dynamics from the fundamental transatlantic agreement: along with the US promising continued guidance with EU safety measures in return for a EU motivation to be able to assimilate alone pertaining to equally outside protection and also interior stability. Evolving and also deepening the particular two-centuries-old fiscal connection would likely furthermore provide safety measures by simply leading to politics and also societal hyperlinks that would help to make conflict in between Germany and friends unbearable completely. Consequently, people in America supported EU integration since US people’s representatives presumed that process would likely bind jointly previous predators which will help prevent a different â€Å"civil conflict† in Europe. Naturally, one may find those that view the national mind-set in the direction of the European countries in the post-World war II time while a mixture of equally benevolence and also hegemony (according to Brimmer).[16] Conclusion: At last, there have been a number of components which have made integration appealing to the peoples of Europe. In the beginning, there were anxieties over the threat of Soviet attack, and worry of a re-armed Germany. Unity was glimpsed as a means of stopping both interior volatility and external aggression. In supplement, from the end of the Second World War right through to the present there has been a desire for financial prosperity, and financial implication on the world view. Finally, it can be seen that harmony has been thriving, the constituent states of the European Union are amidst the world’s most evolved countries, and this is a powerful draw for outsiders to search members. So while the Soviet risk is no longer truth integration is still an appealing prospect for many of Europe’s nations.[17] Bibliography: Ben Bradley 2012, Post-war European Integration: How We Got Here, e- International Relations. Available at: http://www.e-ir.info/2012/02/15/post-war-european-integration-how-we-got-here/. Enrico Spolaore 2013, What Is European Integration Really About? A Political Guide for Economists, Tufts University and NBER (First Draft for the Journal of Economic Perspectives) p 5, available at: http://crem.univ-rennes1.fr/Documents/Docs_workshops_2013/2013-05-30_4_SpolaoreEuro-1.pdf. Barry Eichengreen and Andrea Boltho 2007. The Economic Impact of European Integration. Available at: http://dev3.cepr.org/meets/wkcn/1/1679/papers/Boltho-Eichengreen-Chapter.pdf. John Taylor 2007, Motives for European Integration since 1945, world issues 360. available at: http://www.worldissues360.com/index.php/motives-for-european-integration-since-1945-74142/. Wilfried Loth. Explaining European Integration: The contribution from Historians, available at: http://euij-kansai.jp/layouts/eu_sub/documents/publication/100508Loth_paper.pdf. Steven Ekovich 2009. American Views of European Integration: A brief history. The American University of Paris, Department of International and Comparative Politics, Paris, France, available at: http://oliver.efri.hr/~euconf/2009/docs/Session4/4%20Ekovich.pdf. Todd Alan Good 2001, Book review, H-Net: Humanities Social Sciences Online, available at: http://www.h-net.org/reviews/showrev.php?id=5009. [1]John Taylor 2007, Motives for European Integration since 1945, world issues 360. available at: http://www.worldissues360.com/index.php/motives-for-european-integration-since-1945-74142/. Accessed on 28.12.2013 [2] Wilfried Loth. Explaining European Integration: The contribution from Historians, available at: http://euij-kansai.jp/layouts/eu_sub/documents/publication/100508Loth_paper.pdf. Accessed on: 28.12.2013, p 5 [3] Ben Bradley 2012, Post-war European Integration: How We Got Here, e- International Relations. Available at: http://www.e-ir.info/2012/02/15/post-war-european-integration-how-we-got-here/. Accessed on: 28.12.2013 [4] John Taylor 2007, Motives for European Integration since 1945, world issues 360. available at: http://www.worldissues360.com/index.php/motives-for-european-integration-since-1945-74142/. Accessed on 28.12.2013 [5] Enrico Spolaore 2013, What Is European Integration Really About? A Political Guide for Economists, Tufts University and NBER (First Draft for the Journal of Economic Perspectives) p 5, available at: http://crem.univ-rennes1.fr/Documents/Docs_workshops_2013/2013-05-30_4_SpolaoreEuro-1.pdf. Accessed on: 30.12.2013 [6] Ibid. p 5 [7] Barry Eichengreen and Andrea Boltho 2007. The Economic Impact of European Integration. Available at: http://dev3.cepr.org/meets/wkcn/1/1679/papers/Boltho-Eichengreen-Chapter.pdf. Accessed 30.12.2013, P 2 [8] Enrico Spolaore 2013, What Is European Integration Really About? A Political Guide for Economists, Tufts University and NBER (First Draft for the Journal of Economic Perspectives) p 2, available at: http://crem.univ-rennes1.fr/Documents/Docs_workshops_2013/2013-05-30_4_SpolaoreEuro-1.pdf. Accessed on: 30.12.2013 [9] Barry Eichengreen and Andrea Boltho 2007. The Economic Impact of European Integration. Available at: http://dev3.cepr.org/meets/wkcn/1/1679/papers/Boltho-Eichengreen-Chapter.pdf. Accessed 30.12.2013, P 15 [10] Wilfried Loth. Explaining European Integration: The contribution from Historians, available at: http://euij-kansai.jp/layouts/eu_sub/documents/publication/100508Loth_paper.pdf. Accessed on: 28.12.2013, p 6 [11] John Taylor 2007, Motives for European Integration since 1945, world issues 360. available at: http://www.worldissues360.com/index.php/motives-for-european-integration-since-1945-74142/. Accessed on 28.12.2013 [12] Steven Ekovich 2009. American Views of European Integration: A brief history. The American University of Paris, Department of International and Comparative Politics, Paris, France, available at: http://oliver.efri.hr/~euconf/2009/docs/Session4/4%20Ekovich.pdf. Accessed on: 31.12.2013, p 1 [13] Ibid [14] Todd Alan Good 2001, Book review, H-Net: Humanities Social Sciences Online, available at: http://www.h-net.org/reviews/showrev.php?id=5009. Accessed on: 29.12.2013 [15] Ibid. p 6 [16] Steven Ekovich 2009. American Views of European Integration: A brief history. The American University of Paris, Department of International and Comparative Politics, Paris, France, available at: http://oliver.efri.hr/~euconf/2009/docs/Session4/4%20Ekovich.pdf. Accessed on: 31.12.2013, p 9 [17]John Taylor 2007, Motives for European Integration since 1945, world issues 360. available at: http://www.worldissues360.com/index.php/motives-for-european-integration-since-1945-74142/. Accessed on 28.12.2013

The Character of Shakespeares Macbeth Essay -- GCSE English Literatur

Macbeth:   A Question of Character       The play Macbeth, by William Shakespeare, is a portrait of one man, Macbeth, showing how he changes. Although we are presented with his deterioration from good to evil, we can see his human side throughout the play, which makes it a tragedy. It is the shortest of Shakespeare’s tragedies, and has a very fast pace. Once Macbeth’s ambition has ‘set the ball rolling’, events happen quickly in the play as it gathers momentum. The themes of Macbeth are ambition, effects of evil, and violence, shown mainly by the language of the play, as in Shakespeare’s time plays were performed in daylight with very few props. Ambition is something that everyone can identify with, and Macbeth is a compelling study of how ambition can destroy a person, so the audience is interested in Macbeth’s character.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Our first impression of Macbeth is of a heroic, famous, popular man who is well liked by the king - Duncan refers to Macbeth as ‘noble Macbeth’.(Act 1 Scene 2 L67) Macbeth is tempted by two sources of external evil - the witches and his wife. However, he was already ambitious, and the women only magnified this by making his ambitions seem like they could be reality. The war hero becomes a murderer and then dies a shameful and violent death. Shakespeare creates an atmosphere of evil and darkness mainly through his language, although scenes containing violent actions or the witches are often played in darkness. Shakespeare uses poetry (verse) as opposed to prose, as poetry often contains more metaphors and imagery, which he uses to create a feeling of darkness and evil. The language gives an insight into the character of Macbeth - we see his ruthlessness and cruelty, but also fear, doubt and som... ...ess, 1995.   Page Cooper, The Mystery of Witchcraft, London, 1617. Epstein, Norrie, The Friendly Shakepeare, New York, Viking Publishing, 1993. Harbage, Alfred, Macbeth, Middlesex England, Penguin Publishing, 1956. Magill, Masterplots- Volume 6, New Jersey, Salem Press, 1949. Staunten, Howard, The Complet Illustrated Shakespeare, New York, Park Lane Publishing, 1979. Gove, Philip Babcock. Webster’s Third International Dictionary.   Springfield, Mass: G. & C. Merriam, 1967    Johnson, Samuel.   The Plays of William Shakespeare.   London: J & R Tonson, 1788    Jorgensen, Paul A.   Our Naked Frailties.   Los Angeles: U of CA, 1971.    Shakespeare, William. Macbeth. New York: Penguin Books, 1987.    Van Doren, Mark.   Shakespeare. NY: Doubleday, 1939.    Watkins, Ronald.   The Theology of Macbeth.   Oxford: Oxford University, 1964.   

My Favorite Place To Think Essay

Sometimes I get bothered by a bunch of things like school, work or my family judging me for every little things. So, when I need to think a little or to get some quiet time for myself, I go for a walk on the beach because it’s the best place I would go to, to think and to clear my head. It’s the way the waves goes up and down and the fresh salty water gets on your feet like it’s giving me a massage. It’s also a great place to run from your problems. I like the beach when the light covers the water it makes it look so nice. It makes me forget about all my problems and all the nagging of work or school. When my mom is yelling at me for no reason, I just walk out the house and go for a walk by the beach, where the salty water goes on your feet on the sand. It helps me to calm down with the seagull chirping while the sun is going down. I sometimes think â€Å" why can’t I just live by the beach†, then, I’d have peace and quiet, but I realized I would not be able to live near the beach because, in the summer time they might have a beach party and I wouldn’t hear myself think or have my peace and quiet. So I rather let this be my secret place to chill and relax my mind. I like it that way and I wouldn’t have it any other way. So in conclusion the beach is my favorite place to be. I don’t only find it my favorite place because of the smell or the waves floating on your feet, but because it is a great place for me to get some quiet time to think and to get away from my problems. I f I would recommend someone a great place to be, it would be the beach. It is the best place to be at all-time except when they having aa beach party or some sort.

Can You Take the ACT After High School Expert Guide

Can You Take the ACT After High School Expert Guide SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips If you'rean adult who needs or wants to take the ACT, you might be worried. Most people taking the test are 16 or 17, but can you take the ACT after high school? Yes, you absolutely can! There are many valid reasons for taking theACT after high school, and the process barely differs from taking it as a teenager. In this article, I’ll discuss the reasons you may want or need to take the testas an adult, how to register, how testing as an adult will be different, as well as additional advice. Why Take the ACT After High School? Taking the ACT is definitely not something to do for fun.Preparing for the ACT is a big time commitment (not to mention spending 4+ hours on a Saturday to take the test).Don’t do take the ACT if you don’t need to, but there are three good reasons to take the ACT. #1: You’re Applying to College If you took some time off after high school and never took the ACT, you'll most likely need to take it (or the SAT) for your college applications.If you took the ACT during high school, you might not need to retake the test now. ACT scores from October 1, 1966, to today, are stored online by the ACT.While the ACT will send scores from as far back as 1966, some colleges require you to send an ACT score from the last 3-5 years.Check the individual college’s application requirements.You should be able to find the applications requirements by doing a Google search for â€Å"[College Name] application requirements.† Additionally, if you did take the ACT during high school, you still may elect to retake the ACT to raise your score.To give yourself the best chance of being accepted, you want your ACT score to be at or above the 75th percentile ACT score of admitted students at your target school.I urge you to read our guide to finding your target ACT score for more information about this. NOTE: Not all universities want you to send a test score.Some colleges don’t require ACT scores for adults who never took the ACT in high school or for whom taking the ACT would be excessively difficult such as a deployed soldier.Furthermore, some schools are test-optional or test-blind, meaning they don’t require you to send ACT scores.If you’re only applying to test-optional or test-blind schools, then you don’t need to take the ACT. Check out the admissions website for each of your target colleges to find out their application requirements.You should be able to find the application requirements by doing a Google search for â€Å"[College Name] application requirements.†If you’re unable to find this information online, then you should send an email or call the college’s admissions office. #2: You’re Applying to Transfer Colleges Interested in switching from your community college or 4-year university to a different 4-year university? If so, you might need to submit an ACT or SAT score with your application.If you’re applying to transfer after only six months to a year at that college or community college, then you most likely need to submit an ACT or SAT score with your application. However, if you have an ACT or SAT score from high school, then you’ll probably be able to use that score though you may want to take the ACT to raise your score.To give yourself the best shot of being admitted, you need your ACT score to be at or above the 75th percentile ACT score of admitted students at your target school.Definitely read our guide to finding your target ACT scorefor more information about this. As I noted in the section above, you won’t need to submit a test score if you’re only applying to test-optional or test-blind schools.Check out the admissions website for each of your target colleges to find out their application requirements.You should be able to find the application requirements by doing a Google search for â€Å"[College Name] application requirements.†If you’re unable to find this information online, then you should send an email or call the college’s admissions office. #3: You’re Applying for a Job or Scholarship More jobs are now requiring you to submit a test score from test-prep companies to investment banking.Also, many scholarships require you to score within a certain range on the ACT or SAT.If you took the ACT in high school, you might be allowed to send those scores, but if you didn’t or if you need to raise your score to qualify, you’ll have to take the ACT now as an adult. Check out what the score requirements are for the job/scholarship and make sure you adhere to them.Some may ask for a high school ACT score and may not consider a new score. Others may not want a score that’s older than 3-5 years.Know the requirements, and if you’re unsure, call or email to clarify. How to Take the ACTAfter High School Whatever your reason for takingthe ACT after high school, I’ll walk you through the logistics of registering for and taking the test. Registering for the ACT You can register on the ACT website.The registration process will involve entering your personal information, submitting a photo or yourself, paying the registration fee, etc. It can be just slightlymore difficultas an adult since the entire registration process is geared towards high school students. However, it's only minor inconveniences. The ACT asks for parent information, but you can leave thatblank. Also, it asks for your high school, but there is an option to say"I am not in high school." Otherwise, answer the rest of the questions to the best of your ability. Read our full guide that walks you through every step of the ACT registration process. Where Do You Take the ACT? No matter where you live, you’ll take the ACT alongside high school students at an ACT test center.These test centers are usually high schools but are sometimes community college campuses, college campuses, and other locations.Regardless of location, you’ll be testing alongside high school students. When you register to take the ACT, you’ll select your test center location.You’ll be able to search for a test center close to you.NOTE: It’s best to sign up early as test centers can fill up.The earlier you register, the more likely you’ll get your choice of the test centers. How Is Testing as an Adult Different? I'm not going to lie: as someone who took the SAT last year at age 23, it's kind of weird at first.Showing up to check in among high school students feels strange. However, once Igot over the initial weirdness, I felt confident.I remember being so nervous to take the ACT and SATin high school; I felt that there was so much pressure riding on the test. As an adult, you realize one test will not define you. I was able to relax more and do better on the test due to my newfound confidence. I hope you feel the same when you sit for the ACT! ACT Testing After High School: Advice Just because the ACT is a test for high schoolers doesn’t mean it will be easier for you as a high school grad.Don’t underestimate the test.It’s tricky and very fast-paced. Also, as a high school grad, you actually might be at a disadvantage since there are probably some high school fundamental topics that you’ve forgotten or are a little rusty on.If you haven’t studied Math since high school, you might have forgotten how to solve a system of equations or how to find the sine of an angle. Don’t assume the test will be a breeze: you must prepare for the ACT. 3 Tips for Prepping for the ACT as an Adult To get the best score possible on the ACT, you’ll want to prepare.Here are three key tips for prep success: Tip #1: Know the ACT Format The best way to learn the ACT format is to take as many ACT practice tests as you can.However, the practice won’t help if you don’t take the tests under realistic testing conditionswhile keeping accurate time and if you don’t review the practice tests. The ACT is fast-paced, so you need to get used to pacing yourself during your practice tests.Also, you need to review your practice.When you review your mistakes, you learn from them. If you don’t review, you’ll keep making the same mistakes. Tip #2: Master Forgotten/Rusty Content As I noted above, since you graduated, you may have forgotten or gotten rusty in some content areas.Make sure you refresh yourself before taking the ACT.Here at PrepScholar, we’ve written free complete guides for nearly every tested content area on the ACT.Read our ACT Reading,ACT Writing, ACT Math, and ACT Science guides for an overview of topics you’ve forgotten along with more helpful test tips. You don't want to be confused during the ACT! Tip #3: Create an ACT Prep Timeline Based on Your Needs I think the most challenging part of taking the ACT after high school is juggling work, family, friends, and all your other commitments while trying to find alone time to prepare for the ACT.However, it’s crucial you set aside time to study for the ACTso that you can reach your target score. My suggestion would be to start studying far in advance (at least 3-6 months in advance) and to dedicate at least 5 hours per week to ACT prep.Pick an ACT test date that will give you enough time to do this type of in-depth preparation.However, you might not have that ability if your application is due ASAP.If you don’t need to take the ACT in the next month, you shouldcheck out our guide to cramming for the ACT. What’s Next? Applying to college for the first time? Find outhow many colleges you should apply to and find out how to pick your target school. Transferring colleges? Check out our complete guide to transferring successfully. Need help paying for college? Check out our scholarship and financial aid guides. Want to improve your ACT score by 4 points? Check out our best-in-class online ACT prep classes. We guarantee your money back if you don't improve your ACT score by 4 points or more. Our classes are entirely online, and they're taught by ACT experts. If you liked this article, you'll love our classes. Along with expert-led classes, you'll get personalized homework with thousands of practice problems organized by individual skills so you learn most effectively. We'll also give you a step-by-step, custom program to follow so you'll never be confused about what to study next. Try it risk-free today:

Segregation and Discrimination in My Left Foot

Segregation and Discrimination in My Left Foot This is a touching movie, and most people who have watched it will agree that the levels of commitment that are exhibited by the family members towards Christy Brown despite his disabilities are relatively high. In that era, the fact that most individuals who suffered from diseases such as cerebral palsy were institutionalized was quite depressing. It meant that the individuals encountered a lot of segregation and discrimination, and they were never given an opportunity to stay with their family members or to display their talents.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Segregation and Discrimination in My Left Foot specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The case of Christy Brown is one such example that shows that a person with disabilities can do many things. This is because Christy Brown is given the chance to stay with his family, and in due course, he shows how talented he is by making use of the only part of his body that h e can control, which is his left foot. This proved that individuals with the disease could do many things like the way Christy Brown painted with his foot. It is just that they never had the chance to stay with people who love them, thus encouraging them to show case their talents. The movie encourages people who have family members who are suffering from the condition to show them love, and offer them extra care since they are not altogether retarded. In the case of Christy Brown, his family members imagined that he was retarded, yet he was not. He managed to use his foot to communicate by writing on the ground, which stunned his family. The stigma that most people have about people with cerebral palsy ought to be done away with. There is a lot to be taught about the disease. The people who suffer from cerebral palsy can be taught how and encouraged to control their bodies including speech and muscle control. The most intriguing aspect about the movie is the love that the family me mbers exhibit towards Christy Brown. His mother shows exceptional love and so does the rest of the family. The movie also shows how individuals suffering from cerebral palsy have emotions such as love and hate. This is depicted when Christy falls in love with Dr. Eileen, who was his doctor. She had introduced him to a new program that had been launched for people with cerebral palsy. He shows severe levels of depression when she declares that she is going to marry someone else. Christy Brown is portrayed as a very emotional character who attempts to commit suicide, due to the heartbreak that he underwent when the woman he loved married someone else. However, the movie shows the great lengths that a family can go to in order to ensure that the family members’ interests are taken care of, and no harm comes their way. The way that Christy Brown grew up plays a significant role in molding his life. Christy Brown’s life was markedly influenced by the way that he grew up. He was considered as part of the gang. It made him confident, and he felt like a normal child although he had cerebral palsy. Christy was also able to work and earn money when his father died by writing an autobiography that managed to bring in income for the family. The movie shows that there is much more to individuals with cerebral palsy than meets the eyes.Advertising Looking for essay on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More

Reflective your strength and weakness in administration Essay

Reflective your strength and weakness in administration - Essay Example Third, strategic direction is crucial and having a vision and mission is what operationally makes a leader succeed or fail. Strategy weighs heavy on the â€Å"how† and â€Å"why† and less so on the â€Å"where† hence it is important to have a mission and a vision that is in line with each other. Corollary to this, after planning and goal setting, administrators get things done as plans and goals are not much use if they do not materialize. Fourth and personally the most important for me, leaders naturally need to influence others and have friends that they have purposely nurtured. Admittedly, every leader requires great people around them who when challenged, take up the call, and make the most out of it. One of my administrative strengths includes micromanaging, not just people, but goals as well with a particular refinement for detail. I remember doing thus when a professor had to inspect a certain project of ours within a few weeks time. As a large project of ours with minimal team members working on it, it had a number of problem areas that were likely to receive poor grades, in particular design and its relation to the overall goal of the project. With a very short timeframe available, I would be unable to make substantial changes I have in view for the longer term. For example, developing a more strategic and novel way of communicating with other members during the planning process and taking the pressure off the acting committee head of design, currently struggling, by recruiting someone with more experience into the post will have to be postponed. I knew then that I had to focus on ensuring that my project showed itself from the best perspective in front of our professors. I had work hard with my other group members, having some sleepless nights, to ensure everything was in place- logistics have been taken care of, audiences have been ushered in well, while all

Company Strategic Analysis - General Mills Research Paper

Company Strategic Analysis - General Mills - Research Paper Example The company has strong brand equity in the market place. The company’s financial position is strengthening even at the time of recession. The company has a diversified product portfolio. The company’s brands have strong brand identity. The company’s internal processes for acquiring raw materials for its products are very strong. Weaknesses: The scale of companies operations are hiding inefficiencies in its operations. General Mills is not taking enough measures to raise its productivity. Opportunities: Recent social trends have created a market for convenience food items. General Mills can export its product to the Asian Markets. Threats: The environment of recession is creating unprecedented operating challenges for the company. Kraft and Kellogg are formidable competitors of the company, having strong brands of their own. Suppressed consumer demand is threatening company’s revenues. Porter’s Five Forces Analysis: Threat of Substitutes: This dimens ion falls on the higher end of the spectrum because consumers have the option to buy convenience food items from food stalls and cheap hotels. Moreover, consumers can even decide to cook themselves fresh meals. So it can be concluded that there are alternatives available to consumers. Rivalry amongst competitors: This dimension is also ending up on the higher end of the spectrum because as mentioned earlier Kraft Food and Kellogg, both are formidable competitors having strong management and brand portfolio. In addition to this these companies also have strong capital base to support their operations. Suppliers Bargaining Power: This dimension also falls on the higher end of the spectrum because there are few quality suppliers of raw material in the marketplace. Companies who want to gain quality raw materials have to adhere to suppliers’ terms and conditions. Moreover, the price of the raw material is also very elastic, which leads companies to the future markets; in order to protect themselves from price risk and inflationary pressure. Customers Bargaining Power: This dimension again lies on the higher end of the spectrum because recessionary pressure has made consumers to curtail their expenditure. Consumers are demanding higher value at lower price from companies, in order to draw them to spend. Companies therefore have to adhere to the demands of consumers in order to utilize their huge asset base. Threat of New Entrant: This dimension falls on the lower end of the spectrum because the market conditions are not that encouraging for any new entrant to enter this market. Since the industry is engulfed by recession and has strong competitors in it, therefore no new entrant will be able to operate effectively in this marketplace. Firm’s overall Performance: Even at the time of recession the company has managed to perform exceptionally well. Almost all of its financial indicators are on the positive side of the spectrum, reflecting the fact that t he company has been successful in implementing its year start strategy. The company’s 2010 sales figure is up by 1 percent as compared to its 2009 sales figure (General Mills e, 2011). Operating profits have increased substantially, that is by 8 percent. Net income of the come has also increased drastically (17 percent) (General Mills e, 2011). The company’s asset utilization has also increased as reflected by the head of â€Å"Return on Average Total Capital†. This figure is up by 150 basis points, which is very encouraging. For the share

Personal Growth Plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Personal Growth Plan - Essay Example Some people say God is not attainable through the organs of senses. Yet relation with God remains real. God reveals Himself through the people and the variety of events within lives of people. â€Å"Always a living Person is present, speaking, pleading, loving, working, and manifesting Himself whenever and wherever His people have the receptivity necessary to receive the manifestation† (Tozer, 2008). God is a person, who also has intimate relationships. Developing direct relationships on deep personal level is a proper aim for the person, devoted to Him. Every day I start with the meditation. I really go deep and enjoy prayer and the sense of overwhelming gratitude that streams from my heart. I really need to pray; I agree with the words â€Å"prayer is something we should do, even something we want to do, but it seems like a chasm stands between us and actually praying. We experience the agony of prayerlessness† (MacDonald, 2007). I meet other people with open heart and all the events I observe as those, sent by Him. I accept the daily challenges. Even if the life seems tough, I recognize all that is sent by God to challenge and improve me, thus I meet even seemingly bad events with gratitude. I honor Him for all the blessings and challenges he addresses to me. Devotional life seems to me not only to accept His presence in everything, but also remember this bliss is about relationships; this means not only to accept and gratify for what he gives but to serve as well. Every day has its opportunities to reveal the inner potential, own best virtues and creative force. Being a creator of own life and accepting responsibility for all own deeds and behaviors implies spirituality. This means understanding of own purpose, purpose of others and purpose of all the connections. All has its aim, its hidden and explicit meaning. There is a sense, a purpose of everything happening. All the simple things are touched by

The Christ of Velázquez †Poetry Visits Art Essay Example for Free

The Christ of Velà ¡zquez – Poetry Visits Art Essay Leonardo da Vinci is quoted as saying, â€Å"Painting is poetry that is seen rather than felt, and poetry is painting that is felt rather than seen. † There is no better illustration of this than the inspirational painting of Diego Rodriquez de Silva y Velazquez –The Christ of San Placido, more commonly known as The Christ of Velazquez and the equally moving poetic meditation on Velazquez’s painting by Miguel de Unamuno centuries later. Painting and poetry, as da Vinci suggested, join together in a unique way – the artist painting what he feels in his soul and the poet feeling in his soul what is painted. The Painting Diego Velazquez was one of the foremost Spanish painters of the 17th century. And one of his greatest paintings was The Christ of San Placido which was painted in 1638 for the convent of San Placido, but now resides in the Museo de Prado in Madrid. This stirring depiction of Christ just after His death offers an open invitation for the viewer to meditate on this epic moment. The body of Christ on the cross stands alone on the backdrop of a black sky. The crucifix has no flourishes or embellishments. Velazquez chose to portray this solitary Christ with His head hanging and the right side of his face covered by his hair. (â€Å"Diego†) This veil of hair has prompted many explanations. The Museo de Prado’s explanation is that Velazquez could not copy Christ’s expression on that side of His face and so he â€Å"opted to cover the left [right] side with His falling hair instead. † Another analysis assumes that this disruption of the composure of the body was done to recall the torture and the cruelty that Christ suffered. Yet another attributes this half-hidden face to the artist’s intention to lead the viewer of the painting into the spiritual world. (â€Å"The Painted†) Whatever the artist’s purpose might have been, it cannot be denied that this purposely simple representation of the dead Christ, dripping blood can inspire deep spiritual reflection. Its Inspirational Connection to Poetry Ekphrasis Ekphrasis, purely defined, is: â€Å"a literary description of or commentary on a visual work of art. † (â€Å"Ekphrasis-Merriam†) This is, of course, a sterile definition that cannot begin to convey the true connection that art and poetry can enjoy. The term goes back as far as Homer’s The Iliad, in which he vividly describes how the blacksmith god forged the Shield of Achilles. Modern ekphrasis tends to focus only on works of art; and not so much by extraordinary description as in the case of the Shield of Achilles as by how the art inspires or moves the poet. (â€Å"Ekphrasis: Poetry†) This is what Miguel de Unamuno undertook to do with his book-length poem El Cristo de Velazquez. Unamuno expressed his spiritual doubts through his poetry. With El Cristo de Velazquez he confronts the painting of Velazquez to â€Å"define a uniquely Spanish Christ. † (â€Å"Miguel†) The stark figure of Christ on the cross elicited deep feelings from Unamuno, some mystical, some perplexing. He put these thoughts into lyrical form over the course of seven years producing a piece that is considered by some to be a most important religious poem. Its 2,538 lines are divided into four parts. They relate to Christ as a symbol of sacrifice and redemption, as a reflection of His many names, as God painted with the brush of Velazquez and they end with an invocation to the Holy Spirit to guide Unamuno as He guided Velazquez. (Nozick 178) The Personalization of The Christ of Velazquez by Unamuno In his book on Unamuno, Martin Nozick speculates on why Unamuno would have chosen this painting by Velazquez rather than any of the myriad of others he could have chosen as the subject of his poem. He notes that Unamuno thought that the representation of Christ that was adopted by the king of Spain as his official symbol was â€Å"bland† as compared with the image of Christ painted by Velazquez and that the Christ of Cabrera was â€Å"granitic† and the Christ of Santa Clara more like a wooden mannequin. (179) It seems that the Christ of Velazquez was ordained to be his choice. The posture of Christ in Velazquez’s painting is somewhat unique in that it suggests that death has already occurred. His head is hanging limply while His face, now as lifeless as His body, is veiled by his mangled locks of hair. Undoubtedly this moved Unamuno to comment on Christ in Part One as the white Lamb of God whose death took away the sins of the world. (Section XVI) He continues with expressive commentary on Christ as the host of wheat ground under the millstone, an apt expression for one who had gone through so much suffering for mankind. (Section XVII) The symbolic use of the colors of white and red to contrast the magnificence of Christ as the Son of God with the human suffering of the Son of Man run throughout this part of the poem especially. Unamuno stops to reflect on the white linen in which Christ’s body is so meagerly wrapped; and refers to Him as the white lion of the desert, among other references to the color white (white cloud, white light, white bull, etc. ). These references are juxtaposed against the stark images of the red blood that runs from the wounds of Christ. Unamuno â€Å"paints† this in one line as he describes Christ’s â€Å"whiteness dotted with bloody riddles. † (Section XXIV) However he does not merely explain the vividness of the white dotted with red. It is evident through his verse that he is also deeply affected by these aspects of the painting. The exhausting effort that is manifest in this first part may have prompted a weaker, less driven man to end the poem there. But Unamuno forges on. In Part II the painting inspires a recounting of earthly forces such as fire and water and storm intertwined with deep insights into the soul of Unamuno. This second part also reflects the biblical aspects of Christ and His mission of salvation. It evokes an historical aspect often citing events from the Bible as well as some of the many titles of Christ such as â€Å"Lion of Judah†, â€Å"King of the Desert,† â€Å"Light of Life† and more. From the powerful imagery of Unamuno in this part emerges the soul of a man who is trying to grasp the full meaning of salvation, seeing it as something that mankind was given as a gift but did not deserve. God the Father is seen by Unamuno as the sun; Christ is seen as the moon and the earth is the Virgin Mother. As Cannon puts it, â€Å"It is a mythic triad in accord with ancient beliefs in the magic and perfection of three-ness and in the family organization of the cosmos. † (28) Cannon tells us that Unamuno even made a full-page drawing which he attached to the final manuscript representing this cosmological triad. This seems to infer that Unamuno saw in Velazquez’s painting more than what was physically there. The painting evidently inspired a much greater vision in the mind of Unamuno – one that portrays him as â€Å"an intoxicated evangelist† (Nozick 180) Unamuno does come back to earth however in Part III by concentrating on the visible features of Christ in the actual painting – His head, face, eyes, ears, arms, hands, etc. Consider this translation in the section dealing with the eyes of Christ. Shivering russet which dew on your eyelashes, Pearls of fire shudder liquid And going through the closure of the eyelids Viewed with dark eyes . . . . The imagery is magnificent and throughout this imagery are woven references, once again, to the Bible, both Old and New Testaments. Unamuno himself calls this â€Å"a sort of rhythmoid, dense prose. † (180) This third part of the poem is probably the most descriptive of the painting itself whereas the prior two parts were more illustrative of the feelings that the painting evoked. As Unamuno leaves the more descriptive portion of his poetry behind, he approaches what Cannon considers the most famous part of the poem. (Cannon 28) It begins and ends in darkness, but in between Unamuno presents the â€Å"luminous white body of the glorified Christ. † (28) Here again, Unamuno pulls hope out of despair, joy out of sorrow, expectation out of apathy. The images that the painting of Christ by Velazquez inspires in Unamuno are powerful ones that make a lasting impression on the reader. It may be that Unamuno has personalized Christ in a way that may not occur to the casual observer of this or any other painting of Christ on the cross and in this intense personalization Unamuno vitalizes the depiction of Christ with hope – a way out of the darkness. Velazquez painted his Christ on the cross to be a stark and solitary figure devoid of the sympathetic eye of the observers present at the crucifixion. Unamuno supplements the darkness of the artist’s work with a renewed sense of anticipation of his own death and rebirth in Christ. He ends his poem with a plea that he may enter â€Å"the clear day that has no end, my eyes fixed on Thy white body, Son of Man, complete Humanity . . . my eyes fixed on Thine eyes, oh Christ, my gaze submerged in Thee, oh Lord! † His life was admittedly full of theological uncertainties, but the spiritual doubts that may have manifested themselves in the life of Unamuno are put to rest in this profusion of imagery inspired by The Christ of Velazquez that was written and rewritten over seven years by Unamuno. The sweeping dynamic of the painter’s brush met the commanding inspiration of the poet’s pen so that together they make an impact that neither of them alone could manage. Works Cited Cannon, Calvin. â€Å"The Mythic Cosmology of Unamuno’s El Cristo de Velà ¡zquez.† Hispanic   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Review 28 (1960): 28 – 39. Complete Works of Miguel de Unamuno. Ed. Ricardo Senabre. Vol. 4., Madrid: Jose   Ã‚  Ã‚   Antonio Castro Foundation, 2006. Madrid: Biblioteca Virtual Miguel de Cervantes 20 Oct. 2008    http://www.cervantesvirtual.com.